You Searched For: Lipopolysaccharides

Catalog Number: (10752-256)

Supplier: Prosci

Description: MD-2 Monoclonal Antibody: MD-2 is a member of the Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) family, a group of proteins that include the Toll-like receptors (TLRs). TLRs are signaling molecules that recognize different pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and serve as an important link between the innate and adaptive immune responses. TLR4, the major signaling receptor for lipopolysaccharide (LPS), requires the binding of MD-2 to its extracellular region for maximal response to LPS. The specificity of this response is determined by the species of MD-2; e.g., human MD-2 transfected into mouse cells can cause mouse TLR4 to react to LPS analogs that are normally antagonistic to human but not mouse TLR4.

Catalog Number: (76085-606)

Supplier: Bioss

Description: IRGM belongs to a family of interferon-gamma inducible GTPases, belonging to the GTPase superfamily, and are selectively induced by IFN-gamma or bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. IRGM is primarily expressed in all cells derived from B-cell lineages, and is highly expressed in macrophages following IFN-gamma stimulation. IRGM has been shown to be required for host defences against a broad range of intracellular pathogens. Specifically, IRGM deficient mice show defects with intracellular microbial killing, phagosome maturation and autophagy. More recently IRGM has been shown to inhibit baseline hematopoietic proliferation and is required for a normal hematopoietic stem cell response to chemical and infectious stimuli.

Catalog Number: (76173-482)

Supplier: Boster Biological Technology

Description: Polyclonal antibody for NFkB p65/RELA detection. Host: Rabbit.Size: 100μg/vial. Tested applications: WB. Reactive species: Mouse. NFkB p65/RELA information: Molecular Weight: 60212 MW; Subcellular Localization: Nucleus . Cytoplasm . Colocalized with DDX1 in the nucleus upon TNF-alpha induction (By similarity). Nuclear, but also found in the cytoplasm in an inactive form complexed to an inhibitor (I-kappa-B). Colocalizes with GFI1 in the nucleus after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation.

Catalog Number: (10252-752)

Supplier: Bioss

Description: ESE-1, a member of the Ets family of transcription factors, critically regulates epithelial cell differentiation and mediates vascular inflammation. ESE-1 is strongly expressed in vascular endothelium and smooth muscle cells where it is induced in response to inflammatory cytokines and lipopolysaccharides, interacts with NF-KappaB to induce nitric oxide synthase, and is induced during terminal differentiation of epidermal and primary keratinocytes. In addition, ESE-1 is upregulated upon differentiation of corneal epithelium and interacts with Sp1 and AP-1 proteins to induce squamous differentiation marker expression in bronchial epithelial cells.

Catalog Number: (89415-786)

Supplier: Prosci

Description: Caspase-5 Antibody: Caspases are a family of cysteine proteases that can be divided into the apoptotic and inflammatory caspase subfamilies. Unlike the apoptotic caspases, members of the inflammatory subfamily are generally not involved in cell death but are associated with the immune response to microbial pathogens. Members of this subfamily include caspase-1, -4, -5, and -12. Activation of these caspases results in the cleavage and activation of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1 beta and IL-18. Caspase-5 can interact with caspase-1; both are constituents of the NALP1 inflammasome, a complex that can trigger the cleavage of pro-IL-1 beta. Expression of caspase-5 can be regulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and IFN-gamma.

Catalog Number: (76083-606)

Supplier: Bioss

Description: Molecular chaperone that promotes the maturation, structural maintenance and proper regulation of specific target proteins involved for instance in cell cycle control and signal transduction. Undergoes a functional cycle that is linked to its ATPase activity. This cycle probably induces conformational changes in the client proteins, thereby causing their activation. Interacts dynamically with various co-chaperones that modulate its substrate recognition, ATPase cycle and chaperone function. Binds bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) et mediates LPS-induced inflammatory response, including TNF secretion by monocytes.

Catalog Number: (10391-640)

Supplier: Bioss

Description: IRGM belongs to a family of interferon-gamma inducible GTPases, belonging to the GTPase superfamily, and are selectively induced by IFN-gamma or bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. IRGM is primarily expressed in all cells derived from B-cell lineages, and is highly expressed in macrophages following IFN-gamma stimulation. IRGM has been shown to be required for host defences against a broad range of intracellular pathogens. Specifically, IRGM deficient mice show defects with intracellular microbial killing, phagosome maturation and autophagy. More recently IRGM has been shown to inhibit baseline hematopoietic proliferation and is required for a normal hematopoietic stem cell response to chemical and infectious stimuli.

Catalog Number: (76078-792)

Supplier: Bioss

Description: Beta-defensins (also designated BD, and hBD in human) are small cationic peptides with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. Produced in mucosal epithelia and neutrophils of several species, Beta-defensins are developmentally regulated. Human b-defensin 2 is locally regulated by inflammation and is the first member of the b-defensin family that is locally inducible by inflammation. The murine homolog of human b-defensin 2, which is called b-defensin 3, is present in the respiratory system and in low levels in the epithelial cells of the intestine and lung. The unique murine b-defensin 2 (Defb2) is not expressed in airways of untreated mice, but is upregulated in the airways by lipopolysaccharide and may contribute to host defense at the mucosal surface of the airways.

Catalog Number: (76193-898)

Supplier: Prosci

Description: Recognizes a protein of 55kDa, identified as Cluster of Differentiation 14 (also known lipopolysaccharide receptor or LPSR). CD14 is expressed strongly on monocytes and macrophage and weakly on the surface of neutrophils. It is anchored to cells by linkage to glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) and functions as a high affinity receptor for complexes of LPS and LPS binding protein (LBP). Soluble CD14, also binding to LPS, acts at physiological concentration as an LPS agonist and has, at higher concentrations, an LPS antagonizing effect in cell activation.

Catalog Number: (75934-276)

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

Description: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are signaling molecules that recognize different microbial products during infection and serve as an important link between the innate and adaptive immune responses. These proteins act through adaptor molecules such as MyD88 and TIRAP to activate various kinases and transcription factors such as Protein Kinase C (PKC) alpha/beta and NF-kB. Studies with TLR4-deficient mice indicate that the main ligand for TLR is lipopolysaccharide. Consequently, these mice also showed increased susceptibility to Gram-negative sepsis.

Catalog Number: (10353-684)

Supplier: Bioss

Description: Molecular chaperone that promotes the maturation, structural maintenance and proper regulation of specific target proteins involved for instance in cell cycle control and signal transduction. Undergoes a functional cycle that is linked to its ATPase activity. This cycle probably induces conformational changes in the client proteins, thereby causing their activation. Interacts dynamically with various co-chaperones that modulate its substrate recognition, ATPase cycle and chaperone function. Binds bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) et mediates LPS-induced inflammatory response, including TNF secretion by monocytes.

Catalog Number: (75791-602)

Supplier: Prosci

Description: Apolipoprotein A1 (APOA1) is a secreted protein which belongs to the Apolipoprotein A1/A4/E family. APOA1 is the major protein component of high density lipoprotein (HDL) in plasma. APOA1 plays a critical role in various biological processes, such as Cholesterol metabolism, Lipid metabolism and transport, Steroid metabolism. APOA1 promotes cholesterol efflux from tissues to the liver and thus helps to clear cholesterol from arteries. Defects in this gene resulted in HDL deficiencies, including Tangier disease (TGD), systemic non-neuropathic amyloidosis, premature coronary artery disease, hepatosplenomegaly and progressive muscle wasting and weakness. In addition, ApoA-I is implicated in the anti-endotoxin function of HDL via interaction with lipopolysaccharide or endotoxin.

Catalog Number: (10252-754)

Supplier: Bioss

Description: ESE-1, a member of the Ets family of transcription factors, critically regulates epithelial cell differentiation and mediates vascular inflammation. ESE-1 is strongly expressed in vascular endothelium and smooth muscle cells where it is induced in response to inflammatory cytokines and lipopolysaccharides, interacts with NF-KappaB to induce nitric oxide synthase, and is induced during terminal differentiation of epidermal and primary keratinocytes. In addition, ESE-1 is upregulated upon differentiation of corneal epithelium and interacts with Sp1 and AP-1 proteins to induce squamous differentiation marker expression in bronchial epithelial cells.

Catalog Number: (10252-758)

Supplier: Bioss

Description: ESE-1, a member of the Ets family of transcription factors, critically regulates epithelial cell differentiation and mediates vascular inflammation. ESE-1 is strongly expressed in vascular endothelium and smooth muscle cells where it is induced in response to inflammatory cytokines and lipopolysaccharides, interacts with NF-KappaB to induce nitric oxide synthase, and is induced during terminal differentiation of epidermal and primary keratinocytes. In addition, ESE-1 is upregulated upon differentiation of corneal epithelium and interacts with Sp1 and AP-1 proteins to induce squamous differentiation marker expression in bronchial epithelial cells.

Catalog Number: (100243-582)

Supplier: Southern Biotechnology

Description: CD54, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily of cell surface receptors and also known as Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (ICAM-1), is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein that mediates important cell/cell interactions. CD54 is expressed on endothelial cells, dendritic cells, keratinocytes, and lymphocytes. Its expression is upregulated by inflammatory mediators such as IFN γ, IL-1, TNF-α, lipopolysaccharide, and phorbol esters. Endothelial CD54 contributes to the extravasation of leukocytes from blood vessels, particularly in areas of inflammation. CD54 on antigen-presenting cells contributes to antigen-specific T-cell activation, presumably by enhancing interactions between T cell and antigen-presenting cells. These adhesion reactions are mediated via the binding of CD54 to its major ligands, LFA-1 and Mac-1.

Catalog Number: (89415-672)

Supplier: Prosci

Description: MD-2 Antibody: MD-2 is a member of the Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) family, a group of proteins that include the Toll-like receptors (TLRs). TLRs are signaling molecules that recognize different pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and serve as an important link between the innate and adaptive immune responses. TLR4, the major signaling receptor for lipopolysaccharide (LPS), requires the binding of MD-2 to its extracellular region for maximal response to LPS. The specificity of this response is determined by the species of MD-2; e.g., human MD-2 can cause mouse TLR4 to react to LPS analogs that are normally antagonistic to human but not mouse TLR4.