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Catalog Number: (10237-228)
Supplier: Bioss
Description: P19ARF Capable of inducing cell cycle arrest in G1 and G2 phases. Acts as a tumor suppressor. Binds to MDM2 and blocks its nucleocytoplasmic shuttling by sequestering it in the nucleolus. This inhibits the oncogenic action of MDM2 by blocking MDM2-induced degradation of p53 and enhancing p53-dependent transactivation and apoptosis. Also induces G2 arrest and apoptosis in a p53-independent manner by preventing the activation of cyclin B1/CDC2 complexes. Binds to BCL6 and down-regulates BCL6-induced transcriptional repression. Binds to E2F1 and MYC and blocks their transcriptional activator activity but has no effect on MYC transcriptional repression. Binds to TOP1/TOPOI and stimulates its activity. This complex binds to rRNA gene promoters and may play a role in rRNA transcription and/or maturation. Interacts with NPM1/B23 and promotes its polyubiquitination and degradation, thus inhibiting rRNA processing. Interacts with UBE2I/UBC9 and enhances sumoylation of a number of its binding partners including MDM2 and E2F1. Binds to HUWE1 and represses its ubiquitin ligase activity. May play a role in controlling cell proliferation and apoptosis during mammary gland development.


Catalog Number: (10461-980)
Supplier: Bioss
Description: Component of an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex, in which it may act as a substrate recognition subunit. Involved in apoptosis by acting as a death receptor-associated protein that mediates apoptosis. Also involved in glucose homeostasis in pancreatic islet. Functions as an adapter/mediator in replication stress-induced signaling that leads to the activation of CHEK1.


Catalog Number: (10362-744)
Supplier: Bioss
Description: Inhibits NF-kappa-B activation triggered by overexpression of RIPK1 and TRAF6 but not of RELA. Inhibits also tumor necrosis (TNF), IL-1 and TLR4-induced NF-kappa-B activation in a dose-dependent manner. Overexpression sensitizes cells to TNF-induced apoptosis. Could be involved in regulating NF-kappa-B activation and apoptosis. Is a potent inhibitory factor for osteoclast differentiation. Involved in protein degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome system and plays a critical role in muscle atrophy. May act by anchoring ubiquitinylated proteins to the proteasome, playing a critical role in protein degradation.


Catalog Number: (10239-752)
Supplier: Bioss
Description: Tyrosine-protein kinase that acts as cell-surface receptor for fibroblast growth factors and plays an essential role in the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation, migration and apoptosis, and in the regulation of embryonic development. Required for normal embryonic patterning, trophoblast function, limb bud development, lung morphogenesis, osteogenesis and skin development. Plays an essential role in the regulation of osteoblast differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis, and is required for normal skeleton development. Promotes cell proliferation in keratinocytes and immature osteoblasts, but promotes apoptosis in differentiated osteoblasts. Phosphorylates PLCG1, FRS2 and PAK4. Ligand binding leads to the activation of several signaling cascades. Activation of PLCG1 leads to the production of the cellular signaling molecules diacylglycerol and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate. Phosphorylation of FRS2 triggers recruitment of GRB2, GAB1, PIK3R1 and SOS1, and mediates activation of RAS, MAPK1/ERK2, MAPK3/ERK1 and the MAP kinase signaling pathway, as well as of the AKT1 signaling pathway. FGFR2 signaling is down-regulated by ubiquitination, internalization and degradation. Mutations that lead to constitutive kinase activation or impair normal FGFR2 maturation, internalization and degradation lead to aberrant signaling. Over-expressed FGFR2 promotes activation of STAT1.


Catalog Number: (10780-646)
Supplier: Peprotech
Description: Fas Ligand (FasL) is a member of the TNF superfamily that is expressed on the cell surface of activated T cells. Binding of FasL to Fas Receptor triggers apoptosis in Fas-bearing cells. FasL has the ability to kill T cells and activated B cells, which leads to down-regulation of the immune response. The mechanism of Fas-induced apoptosis involves recruitment of pro-caspase 8 through an adaptor molecule called FADD, followed by processing of the pro-enzyme into active forms. These active caspases then cleave various cellular substrates, leading to the eventual cell death. Both human and murine sFasL are fully active on human and murine cells. Recombinant Human sFas Ligand is a 17.9 kDa protein comprising the TNF-homologous region of FasL and contains an 8-residue N-terminal His-Tag.


Catalog Number: (10748-208)
Supplier: Prosci
Description: Trail Antibody: Apoptosis, or programmed cell death, occurs during normal cellular differentiation and development of multicellular organisms. Apoptosis is induced by certain cytokines including TNF and Fas ligand in the TNF family through their death domain containing receptors, TNFR1 and Fas. TRAIL (TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand) is a type II membrane protein and expressed in a variety of human tissues. The death domain containing receptors DR4 and DR5 have been identified as the receptor for TRAIL. Like TNF and Fas ligand, TRAIL induces apoptosis and NF-kappa B activation in many tissues and cells.


Catalog Number: (10749-354)
Supplier: Prosci
Description: Survivin Antibody: Apoptosis, or programmed cell death, is related to many diseases, such as cancer. Apoptosis is triggered by a variety of stimuli including members in the TNF family and prevented by the inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) proteins. IAP proteins form a conserved gene family that binds to and inhibits cell death proteases. A novel IAP protein was recently identified and designated survivin, apoptosis inhibitor 4 (API4), and TIAP. Survivin/TIAP interacted with the processed form of caspase-3 and inhibited its proteolytic activity. Survivin/TIAP is predominantly expressed in tissues of embryos, transformed cell lines, and many human cancers and lymphomas.


Catalog Number: (10050-254)
Supplier: Enzo Life Sciences
Description: ASC (Apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD domain) is a bipartite protein comprising two protein-protein interaction domains, a Pyrin domain (PYD) and a caspase recruitment domain (CARD). Proteins containing these domains play pivotal roles in regulating apoptosis and immune response pathways. Reported functions of ASC include apoptosis, activation of inflammatory caspases and regulation of NFκB.


Catalog Number: (10748-520)
Supplier: Prosci
Description: ASK1 Antibody: Mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase cascades are activated in response to various extracellular stimuli, including cytokines, growth factors and environmental stresses. A novel MAP kinase kinase kinase (MAPKKK) was recently identified and designated ASK1 (for apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1) and MAPKKK5. ASK1 activated two different subgroups of MAPKK, MKK4 and MKK6, which in turn activated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 MAP kinase, respectively. ASK1/MAPKKK5 is activated by TNFR and Fas through the interaction with members of the TRAF family and Fas-associated protein Daxx. Overexpression of ASK1 induced apoptotic cell death, and a catalytically inactive form of ASK1 inhibited TNF-alpha -induced apoptosis. ASK1 is expressed in variety of tissues and cell lines.


Catalog Number: (76100-458)
Supplier: Bioss
Description: Essential mediator of p53/TP53-dependent and p53/TP53-independent apoptosis. Isoform 3 fails to show any growth-inhibitory or apoptotic activity.


Catalog Number: (10242-558)
Supplier: Bioss
Description: Induces susceptibility to atherosclerosis (By similarity). Cell adhesion molecule which is required for leukocyte transendothelial migration (TEM) under most inflammatory conditions. Tyr-69 plays a critical role in TEM and is required for efficient trafficking of PECAM1 to and from the lateral border recycling compartment (LBRC) and is also essential for the LBRC membrane to be targeted around migrating leukocytes. Prevents phagocyte ingestion of closely apposed viable cells by transmitting 'detachment' signals, and changes function on apoptosis, promoting tethering of dying cells to phagocytes (the encounter of a viable cell with a phagocyte via the homophilic interaction of PECAM1 on both cell surfaces leads to the viable cell's active repulsion from the phagocyte. During apoptosis, the inside-out signaling of PECAM1 is somehow disabled so that the apoptotic cell does not actively reject the phagocyte anymore. The lack of this repulsion signal together with the interaction of the eat-me signals and their respective receptors causes the attachment of the apoptotic cell to the phagocyte, thus triggering the process of engulfment). Isoform Delta15 is unable to protect against apoptosis. Modulates BDKRB2 activation. Regulates bradykinin- and hyperosmotic shock-induced ERK1/2 activation in human umbilical cord vein cells (HUVEC).


Catalog Number: (89415-268)
Supplier: Prosci
Description: ICAD Antibody: Apoptosis is related to many diseases and induced by a family of cell death receptors and their ligands. Cell death signals are transduced by death domain containing adapter molecules and members of the caspase family of proteases. These death signals finally cause the degradation of chromosomal DNA by activated DNase. A human DNA fragmentation factor (DFF) was identified recently which is cleaved by caspase-3 during apoptosis. Mouse homologue of human DFF was identified as a DNase inhibitor designated ICAD, for inhibitor of caspase-activated DNase. Upon cleavage of DFF/ICAD, a caspase activated deoxyribonuclease (CAD) is released and activated and eventually causes the degradation of DNA in the nuclei. Therefore, the cleavage of CAD inhibitor molecule DFF/ICAD, which causes DNase activation and DNA degradation, is the hallmark of apoptotic cell death.


Supplier: Adipogen
Description: TRAIL-R1 (DR4; CD261) is a receptor for the cytotoxic ligand TRAIL. The adapter molecule FADD recruits caspase-8 to the activated receptor. The resulting death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) performs caspase-8 proteolytic activation which initiates the subsequent cascade of caspases (aspartate-specific cysteine proteases) mediating apoptosis. Promotes the activation of NF-kappaB.

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Supplier: Adipogen
Description: TNF-R1 is a receptor for TNF-alpha and homotrimeric lymphotoxin-alpha. The adapter molecule FADD recruits caspase-8 to the activated receptor. The resulting death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) performs caspase-8 proteolytic activation which initiates the subsequent cascade of caspases (aspartate-specific cysteine proteases) mediating apoptosis.

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Catalog Number: (89415-294)
Supplier: Prosci
Description: ZIPK Antibody: Apoptosis is mediated by death domain containing adapter molecules and a caspase family of proteases. Certain serine/threonine protein kinases, such as ASK-1 and RIP, are mediators of apoptosis. A novel serine/threonine kinase that mediates apoptosis was recently identified and designated ZIP kinase. ZIP kinase contains an N-terminal kinase domain and a C-terminal leucine zipper structure and binds to ATF4 that is a member of ATF/CREB family. ZIP kinase has high sequence homology to DAP kinase (death-associated protein kinase), which is a mediator of apoptosis induced by gamma interferon. Overexpression of ZIP kinase induces apoptosis. ZIP and DAP kinases represent a novel kinase family, which mediates apoptosis through their catalytic activities. The messenger RNA was ubiquitously expressed in various tissues.


Catalog Number: (10345-984)
Supplier: Bioss
Description: S100A8 is a calcium- and zinc-binding protein which plays a prominent role in the regulation of inflammatory processes and immune response. It can induce neutrophil chemotaxis and adhesion. Predominantly found as calprotectin (S100A8/A9) which has a wide plethora of intra- and extracellular functions. The intracellular functions include: facilitating leukocyte arachidonic acid trafficking and metabolism, modulation of the tubulin-dependent cytoskeleton during migration of phagocytes and activation of the neutrophilic NADPH-oxidase. Activates NADPH-oxidase by facilitating the enzyme complex assembly at the cell membrane, transferring arachidonic acid, an essential cofactor, to the enzyme complex and S100A8 contributes to the enzyme assembly by directly binding to NCF2/P67PHOX. The extracellular functions involve proinfammatory, antimicrobial, oxidant-scavenging and apoptosis-inducing activities. Its proinflammatory activity includes recruitment of leukocytes, promotion of cytokine and chemokine production, and regulation of leukocyte adhesion and migration. Acts as an alarmin or a danger associated molecular pattern (DAMP) molecule and stimulates innate immune cells via binding to pattern recognition receptors such as Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (AGER). Binding to TLR4 and AGER activates the MAP-kinase and NF-kappa-B signaling pathways resulting in the amplification of the proinflammatory cascade. Has antimicrobial activity towards bacteria and fungi and exerts its antimicrobial activity probably via chelation of Zn(2+) which is essential for microbial growth. Can induce cell death via autophagy and apoptosis and this occurs through the cross-talk of mitochondria and lysosomes via reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the process involves BNIP3. Can regulate neutrophil number and apoptosis by an anti-apoptotic effect; regulates cell survival via ITGAM/ITGB and TLR4 and a signaling mechanism involving MEK-ERK.


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