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Catalog Number: (75789-280)

Supplier: Prosci

Description: TNFRSF10B is a member of the TNF-receptor superfamily, and contains an intracellular death domain. This receptor can be activated by tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TNFSF10/TRAIL/APO-2L), and transduces apoptosis signal. The adapter molecule FADD recruits caspase-8 to the activated receptor and is required for the apoptosis mediated by TNFRSF10B. TNFRSF10B is expressed in a number of cell types, and to particularly high levels in lymphocytes and spleen. This single-pass transmembrane protein contains two cysteine-rich repeat units in its extracellular region, followed by a transmembrane segment and a cytoplasmic tail containing a typical “death domain”. TNFRSF10B expression is regulated by the tumor suppressor p53. It is also indicated that the activation of NF-kappa-B can be promoted by TNFRSF10B.

Catalog Number: (89360-154)

Supplier: Genetex

Description: Certain serine/threonine protein kinases, such as ASK1, RIP, DAP, and ZIP kinases, are mediators of apoptosis. Receptor interacting proteins including RIP and RIP2/RICK mediate apoptosis induced by TNFR1 and Fas, two prototype members in the death receptor family. A novel member in the RIP kinase family was recently identified and designated RIP3. RIP3 contains N-terminal kinase domain but, unlike RIP or RIP2, lacks the C-terminal death or CARD domain. RIP3 binds to RIP and TNFR1, mediates TNFR1 induced apoptosis, and attenuates RIP and TNFR1 induced NF-kB activation. Over expression of RIP3 induces apoptosis and NF-kB activation. The messenger RNA of RIP3 is expressed in a subset of adult tissues.

Catalog Number: (75877-968)

Supplier: BIOASSAY SYSTEMS

Description: For quantitative determination of the apoptosis target caspase-3 activity and HTS screen for apoptosis inducers and inhibitors.

Catalog Number: (76078-860)

Supplier: Bioss

Description: Suppresses apoptosis in a variety of cell systems including factor-dependent lymphohematopoietic and neural cells. Regulates cell death by controlling the mitochondrial membrane permeability. Appears to function in a feedback loop system with caspases. Inhibits caspase activity either by preventing the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria and/or by binding to the apoptosis-activating factor (APAF-1).

Catalog Number: (10350-558)

Supplier: Bioss

Description: Suppresses apoptosis in a variety of cell systems including factor-dependent lymphohematopoietic and neural cells. Regulates cell death by controlling the mitochondrial membrane permeability. Appears to function in a feedback loop system with caspases. Inhibits caspase activity either by preventing the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria and/or by binding to the apoptosis-activating factor (APAF-1).

Catalog Number: (10231-976)

Supplier: Bioss

Description: Accelerates programmed cell death by binding to, and antagonizing the apoptosis repressor BCL2 or its adenovirus homolog E1B 19k protein. Under stress conditions, undergoes a conformation change that causes translocation to the mitochondrion membrane, leading to the release of cytochrome c that then triggers apoptosis. Promotes activation of CASP3, and thereby apoptosis.

Catalog Number: (10801-050)

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

Description: Cyclin O, also known as CCNO, has recently been identified as a Cdk1- and Cdk2-activating cyclin specific to apoptosis in lymphoid cells. Cyclin O binds to and activates Cdk2 in response to instrinsic apoptotic stimuli such as glucocorticoids or DNA-damaging agents. Supression of Cyclin O expression by shRNA leads to the inhibition of glucocorticoid and DNA-damage-induced apoptosis due to a failure of apical caspase activation while leaving the CD95 death receptor-mediated apoptosis intact. Note: this gene, which had a previous symbol of UNG2, was erroneously identified as a uracil DNA glycosylase. A later publication identified this gene's product as a cyclin protein family member.

Catalog Number: (76080-012)

Supplier: Bioss

Description: Involved in the activation cascade of caspases responsible for apoptosis execution. Binding of caspase-9 to Apaf-1 leads to activation of the protease which then cleaves and activates caspase-3. Promotes DNA damage-induced apoptosis in a ABL1/c-Abl-dependent manner. Proteolytically cleaves poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Isoform 2 lacks activity is an dominant-negative inhibitor of caspase-9.

Catalog Number: (10342-276)

Supplier: Bioss

Description: Involved in the activation cascade of caspases responsible for apoptosis execution. At the onset of apoptosis it proteolytically cleaves poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) at a '216-Asp-|-Gly-217' bond. Cleaves and activates sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs) between the basic helix-loop-helix leucine zipper domain and the membrane attachment domain. Cleaves and activates caspase-6, -7 and -9. Triggers cell adhesion in sympathetic neurons through RET cleavage (By similarity).

Catalog Number: (10342-254)

Supplier: Bioss

Description: Involved in the activation cascade of caspases responsible for apoptosis execution. At the onset of apoptosis it proteolytically cleaves poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) at a '216-Asp-|-Gly-217' bond. Cleaves and activates sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs) between the basic helix-loop-helix leucine zipper domain and the membrane attachment domain. Cleaves and activates caspase-6, -7 and -9. Triggers cell adhesion in sympathetic neurons through RET cleavage (By similarity).

Catalog Number: (10314-452)

Supplier: Bioss

Description: Tumor suppressor serine/threonine-protein kinase that controls the activity of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) family members, thereby playing a role in various processes such as cell metabolism, cell polarity, apoptosis and DNA damage response. Acts by phosphorylating the T-loop of AMPK family proteins, thus promoting their activity: phosphorylates PRKAA1, PRKAA2, BRSK1, BRSK2, MARK1, MARK2, MARK3, MARK4, NUAK1, NUAK2, SIK1, SIK2, SIK3 and SNRK but not MELK. Also phosphorylates non-AMPK family proteins such as STRADA, PTEN and possibly p53/TP53. Acts as a key upstream regulator of AMPK by mediating phosphorylation and activation of AMPK catalytic subunits PRKAA1 and PRKAA2 and thereby regulates processes including: inhibition of signaling pathways that promote cell growth and proliferation when energy levels are low, glucose homeostasis in liver, activation of autophagy when cells undergo nutrient deprivation, and B-cell differentiation in the germinal center in response to DNA damage. Also acts as a regulator of cellular polarity by remodeling the actin cytoskeleton. Required for cortical neuron polarization by mediating phosphorylation and activation of BRSK1 and BRSK2, leading to axon initiation and specification. Involved in DNA damage response: interacts with p53/TP53 and recruited to the CDKN1A/WAF1 promoter to participate in transcription activation. Able to phosphorylate p53/TP53; the relevance of such result in vivo is however unclear and phosphorylation may be indirect and mediated by downstream STK11/LKB1 kinase NUAK1. Also acts as a mediator of p53/TP53-dependent apoptosis via interaction with p53/TP53: translocates to the mitochondrion during apoptosis and regulates p53/TP53-dependent apoptosis pathways. In vein endothelial cells, inhibits PI3K/Akt signaling activity and thus induces apoptosis in response to the oxidant peroxynitrite (in vitro). Isoform 2: Has a role in spermiogenesis.

Catalog Number: (10466-540)

Supplier: Bioss

Description: Apoptosis is a cell death process that removes toxic and/or useless cells during mammalian development. The apoptotic process is accompanied by shrinkage and fragmentation of the cells and nuclei and degradation of the chromosomal DNA into nucleosomal units. DNA fragmentation factor (DFF) is a heterodimeric protein of 40-kD (DFFB) and 45-kD (DFFA) subunits. DFFA is the substrate for caspase-3 and triggers DNA fragmentation during apoptosis. DFF becomes activated when DFFA is cleaved by caspase-3. The cleaved fragments of DFFA dissociate from DFFB, the active component of DFF. DFFB has been found to trigger both DNA fragmentation and chromatin condensation during apoptosis. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been found for this gene but the biological validity of these variants has not been determined. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008].

Catalog Number: (10321-364)

Supplier: Bioss

Description: Suppresses apoptosis in a variety of cell systems including factor-dependent lymphohematopoietic and neural cells. Regulates cell death by controlling the mitochondrial membrane permeability. Appears to function in a feedback loop system with caspases. Inhibits caspase activity either by preventing the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria and/or by binding to the apoptosis-activating factor (APAF-1).

Catalog Number: (10321-362)

Supplier: Bioss

Description: Suppresses apoptosis in a variety of cell systems including factor-dependent lymphohematopoietic and neural cells. Regulates cell death by controlling the mitochondrial membrane permeability. Appears to function in a feedback loop system with caspases. Inhibits caspase activity either by preventing the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria and/or by binding to the apoptosis-activating factor (APAF-1).

Catalog Number: (10800-344)

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

Description: Apoptosis plays a major role in normal organism development, tissue homeostasis, and removal of damaged cells and is caused by caspase activation. Proteins that comprise the Bcl-2 family appear to control the activation of these enzymes. One such member is multi-domain antiapoptotic protein Bfl-1, which is overexpressed in stomach and other cancers. Bfl-1 can interact with Bax and suppress apoptosis by inhibiting the release of cytochrome c and caspase-3 activation. It is upregulated in cisplatin-resistant human bladder tumors, suggesting that its expression may be important for cisplatin resistance and inhibition of apoptosis in cancer cells. At least two isoforms of Bfl-1 are known to exist.

Catalog Number: (10800-566)

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

Description: Apoptosis is related to many diseases and induced by a family of cell death receptors and their ligands. Cell death signals are transduced by death domain containing adapter molecules and members of the caspase family of proteases. A novel member in the caspase family was recently identified and designated ICE-LAP6, Mch6, and Apaf-3. Caspase-9 and Apaf-1 bind to each other, which leads to caspase-9 activation. Caspase-9 is also activated by granzyme B and CPP32. Activated caspase-9 cleaves and activates caspase-3 that is one of the key proteases, being responsible for the proteolytic cleavage of many key proteins in apoptosis. Caspase-9 play a central role in cell death induced by a wide variety of apoptosis activators including TNFa, TRAIL, anti-CD-95, FADD, and TRADD. Caspase-9 is expressed in a variety of human tissues.